Author: Akshay Kumar, pursuing B.B.A.,LL.B. from Geeta Institute of Law
Unemployment may be very serious issue not only in India but within the whole world. There are lot of peoples out there who do not have employment. Besides, the problems of unemployment are very severe in India due to the growing population and demand for jobs. Unemployment refers to a situation within which a skilled and talented people wanted to try and do a job. But they cannot find a correct job because of several reasons.
The unemployment rate for persons of fifteen years and on top of urban areas slipped to 8.7 per cent in October-December 2021 from 10.3 per cent within the year-ago quarter, showed a periodic labour force survey by the National Statistical Office (NSO).Joblessness or unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of out of work persons within the labour force.Joblessness was high in October-December in 2020 primarily because of the staggering impact of the lockdown restrictions within the country, which were imposed to curb the spread of the deadly coronavirus.The unemployment rate for persons of age fifteen years old and on top of in July-September 2021 was 9.8 per cent in urban areas, the 13th Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) showed.
It additionally showed that the unemployment rate among females (aged fifteen years and above) in urban areas additionally declined to 10.5 percent in October-December 2021 from 13.1 per cent a year ago. It absolutely was 11.6 per cent in July-September 2021.Among males, the percentage in urban areas also dipped to 8.3 per cent in October-December 2021 compared to 9.5 per cent a year ago. It was 9.3 per cent in July-September 2021.Labour force participation rate in CWS (current weekly status) in urban areas for persons 15 years old and above remained unchanged at 47.3 per cent within the October-December quarter of 2021, compared to the identical period a year ago. It absolutely was 46.9 per cent in July-September 2021.
Labour force refers to the part of the population that provides or offers to provide labour for pursuing economic activities for the assembly of products and services and therefore, includes both employed and unemployed persons.NSO launched PLFS in April 2017. On the basis of PLFS, a quarterly bulletin is brought out giving estimates of labour force indicators namely unemployment rate, Worker Population Ratio (WPR), Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), distribution of laborers by broad status in employment and industry of work in Current Weekly Status (CWS).The estimates of unemployed persons in CWS give a mean picture of unemployment during a short period of seven days during the survey period.
In the CWS approach, someone is taken into account unemployed if he/she didn’t work even for one hour on any day during the week but sought or was available for work on least for one hour on any day during the period.Labour force is line with CWS is that the number of persons either employed or unemployed on a mean during an exceedingly in a week preceding the date of the survey. LFPR is defined as the percentage of the population among the labour force. WPR (in per cent) in CWS in urban areas for persons of age fifteen years old and above stood at 43.2 per cent in October-December 2021, up from 42.4 per cent within the same period a year ago. It was 42.3 per cent in July-September 2021.Twelve quarterly bulletins like to the quarter ending December 2018 to the quarter ending September 2021 have already been released. This present quarterly bulletin is that the thirteenth within the series for the October-December 2021 quarter.
Reasons of unemployment
In a country like India, there is much reason for an oversized section of the population for being unemployed. A number of these factors are population growth, slow economic growth, seasonal occupation, slow growth of the economic sector, and fall within the industry. These are the major reason for unemployment in India. Also, the matter has become so drastic that highly educated peoples are ready for the task of a sweeper. Besides, the government isn’t doing his work seriously.Except for these, an outsized portion of the population is engaged within the agricultural sector and also the sector only provides employment in harvest or plantation time. Additionally, thelarge reasons of unemployment in India is its high population which demands a large number of jobs every year which the government and authorities are unable to provide.
Following are the suggestions to solve unemployment problem
(i) Change in technique
Production technique ought to suit the wants and requirements of the country. It is essential that labour intensive technology should be inspired in place of capital intensive technology.
(ii) Policy regarding seasonal unemployment
Seasonal unemployment is found in agriculture sector and primary based industries.
(iii) Change in education system
Educational pattern should be completely changed. Students who have liking for higher studies should be admitted in colleges and universities. Emphasis should be given on vocational education. Qualified engineers should start their own small units.
(iv) More assistance to self employed people
Most people in India are self employed. They are engaged in agriculture, trade, cottage and tiny scale industries etc. These persons should be helped financially, providing raw materials and technical training.
(v) Full and more productive employment
The main objective of county’s employment policy should be to extend employment opportunities and productivity of labour. Government should adopt a policy that provides employment to all people.
(vi) Increase in Production
To increase employment, it is essential to increase production in agriculture and industrial sectors. Development of small and cottage industries should be encouraged.
(vii) Decentralisation of industrial activity
Decentralisation of Industrial activity is important to scale back unemployment. If industrial activities are centralised at one place, there will be less employment opportunities within the under developed areas. So Govt. should adopt such policies which encourage decentralisation of industrial activity.
(xii) Population control
The growth of population should be checked in order to solve unemployment, problem. Family planning programme should be implemented widely and effectively.